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الدخان

Surah AD-DUKHAN / The Smoke in English | Surah 44

AD-DUKHAN · 59 verses

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

1 Ha, Meem.

2 By the clear Book,

3 Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind].

4 On that night is made distinct every precise matter -

5 [Every] matter [proceeding] from Us. Indeed, We were to send [a messenger]

6 As mercy from your Lord. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Knowing.

7 Lord of the heavens and the earth and that between them, if you would be certain.

8 There is no deity except Him; He gives life and causes death. [He is] your Lord and the Lord of your first forefathers.

9 But they are in doubt, amusing themselves.

10 Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke.

11 Covering the people; this is a painful torment.

12 [They will say], "Our Lord, remove from us the torment; indeed, we are believers."

13 How will there be for them a reminder [at that time]? And there had come to them a clear Messenger.

14 Then they turned away from him and said, "[He was] taught [and is] a madman."

15 Indeed, We will remove the torment for a little. Indeed, you [disbelievers] will return [to disbelief].

16 The Day We will strike with the greatest assault, indeed, We will take retribution.

17 And We had already tried before them the people of Pharaoh, and there came to them a noble messenger,

18 [Saying], "Render to me the servants of Allah . Indeed, I am to you a trustworthy messenger,"

19 And [saying], "Be not haughty with Allah . Indeed, I have come to you with clear authority.

20 And indeed, I have sought refuge in my Lord and your Lord, lest you stone me.

21 But if you do not believe me, then leave me alone."

22 And [finally] he called to his Lord that these were a criminal people.

23 [ Allah said], "Then set out with My servants by night. Indeed, you are to be pursued.

24 And leave the sea in stillness. Indeed, they are an army to be drowned."

25 How much they left behind of gardens and springs

26 And crops and noble sites

27 And comfort wherein they were amused.

28 Thus. And We caused to inherit it another people.

29 And the heaven and earth wept not for them, nor were they reprieved.

30 And We certainly saved the Children of Israel from the humiliating torment -

31 From Pharaoh. Indeed, he was a haughty one among the transgressors.

32 And We certainly chose them by knowledge over [all] the worlds.

33 And We gave them of signs that in which there was a clear trial.

34 Indeed, these [disbelievers] are saying,

35 "There is not but our first death, and we will not be resurrected.

36 Then bring [back] our forefathers, if you should be truthful."

37 Are they better or the people of Tubba' and those before them? We destroyed them, [for] indeed, they were criminals.

38 And We did not create the heavens and earth and that between them in play.

39 We did not create them except in truth, but most of them do not know.

40 Indeed, the Day of Judgement is the appointed time for them all -

41 The Day when no relation will avail a relation at all, nor will they be helped -

42 Except those [believers] on whom Allah has mercy. Indeed, He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.

43 Indeed, the tree of zaqqum

44 Is food for the sinful.

45 Like murky oil, it boils within bellies

46 Like the boiling of scalding water.

47 [It will be commanded], "Seize him and drag him into the midst of the Hellfire,

48 Then pour over his head from the torment of scalding water."

49 [It will be said], "Taste! Indeed, you are the honored, the noble!

50 Indeed, this is what you used to dispute."

51 Indeed, the righteous will be in a secure place;

52 Within gardens and springs,

53 Wearing [garments of] fine silk and brocade, facing each other.

54 Thus. And We will marry them to fair women with large, [beautiful] eyes.

55 They will call therein for every [kind of] fruit - safe and secure.

56 They will not taste death therein except the first death, and He will have protected them from the punishment of Hellfire

57 As bounty from your Lord. That is what is the great attainment.

58 And indeed, We have eased the Qur'an in your tongue that they might be reminded.

59 So watch, [O Muhammad]; indeed, they are watching [for your end].

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Tafsir

Verse 1

Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these [letters].

Verse 2

By the Book, the Qur’ān, that clarifies, the one that distinguishes what is lawful from what is unlawful.

Verse 3

Indeed We revealed it on a blessed night, the Night of Ordainment (laylat al-qadr), or the eve of the middle of Sha‘bān, in which it was revealed from the Mother Book, from the seventh heaven to the heaven of this world. Indeed We have been warning, We have been causing [people] by it to have fear [of God].

Verse 4

In it, that is to say, on the Night of Ordainment, or on the eve of the middle of Sha‘bān, every definitive matter, that has been fixed, with regard to the provisions and the terms of life and other things [decreed by God] for the entire year until that same night again [the following year], is distinguished, is decided.

Verse 5

As an ordinance, a distinguishing, from Us. Indeed We have been sending from your Lord, messengers, [such as] Muhammad (s) and those before him,

Verse 6

as a mercy, out of compassion for those to whom these [messengers] have been sent. Surely He is the Hearer, of their sayings, the Knower, of their actions.

Verse 7

Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them (read rabbu’l-samāwāti, in the nominative [to understand it] as a third predicate; or read rabbi’l-samāwāti as a substitution for rabbika, ‘your Lord’), if you should be certain, O people of Mecca, that God, exalted be He, is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, then also be certain that Muhammad (s) is His Messenger.

Verse 8

There is no god except Him. He gives life and brings death. Your Lord and the Lord of your forefathers.

Verse 9

Nay, but they linger in doubt, concerning the Resurrection, playing, in mockery of you, O Muhammad (s), and so he said, ‘My God, assist me against them with seven [years of drought] like the seven of Joseph’.

Verse 10

God, exalted be He, says: So watch out for the day when the heaven will produce a visible smoke. Thus the earth became barren and famine became so severe that they began to see what looked like smoke rising between the heaven and the earth,

Verse 11

that will envelop the people, and so they said: ‘This is a painful chastisement!

Verse 12

Our Lord, relieve us from the chastisement; indeed we have believed’, we have [now] affirmed the sincerity of Your Prophet.

Verse 13

God, exalted be He, says: How can there be a reminder for them, that is to say, faith will not benefit them once the chastisement has been sent down, when already there has come to them a manifest Messenger, whose Message is plain [to understand],

Verse 14

but they turned away from him and said, ‘He has been taught — that is, a human being is teaching him the Qur’ān — [he is] a madman!’

Verse 15

‘Indeed We will remove the chastisement, the famine from you [for], a little, time; and so it was removed from them. [But] you will indeed revert!’, to your disbelief — and they did.

Verse 16

Mention, the day when We shall assault with the most mighty assault — this was the day of [the battle of] Badr — [then] indeed We shall take vengeance, on them (al-batsh, means ‘to seize violently’).

Verse 17

And certainly We tried, We tested, before them the people of Pharaoh, together with him, when a messenger came to them, namely, Moses, peace be upon him, who was honoured, before God, exalted be He,

Verse 18

[saying], ‘Give over to me, what I summon you to in the way of faith, that is, manifest your faith to me, O, servants of God; indeed I am for you a messenger [who is] faithful’, in what he has been sent with,

Verse 19

and, ‘Do not rebel, [do not] try to act strong, against God, by neglecting obedience to Him. Lo! I bring you a clear warrant’, [clear] proof of [the sincerity of] my Mission — but they threatened to stone him to death.

Verse 20

So he said, ‘And truly I seek refuge in my Lord and your Lord, lest you should stone me, [to death] with rocks.

Verse 21

And if you do not believe me, then stay away from me’, [that is] then refrain from harming me — but they did not refrain from such [action].

Verse 22

So he called to his Lord, saying, ‘These are indeed a guilty, an idolatrous, lot!’

Verse 23

God, exalted be He, said: ‘Then set out (read fa-asri or fa’sri) with My servants, the Children of Israel, by night; for you will assuredly be pursued, [surely] Pharaoh and his people will pursue you.

Verse 24

And leave the sea behind, once you and your companions have crossed it, at rest, still and calm, until the Egyptians enter it: indeed they will be a drowned host’ — he [Moses] was reassured by this [statement] — and they were [indeed] drowned.

Verse 25

How many gardens, orchards, and, flowing, fountains did they leave behind,

Verse 26

as well as sown fields and many a glorious residence, [many] a splendid court,

Verse 27

and the bounty, the comforts, in which they rejoiced!, [in which] they lived luxuriously.

Verse 28

So [it was] (kadhālika is the predicate of a subject [that is missing], such as ‘the matter was [so]’) and We made these an inheritance, that is to say, their riches, for another people, namely, the Children of Israel.

Verse 29

So neither the heaven nor the earth wept for them — in contrast to the [case with] believers, at the point of whose death weep both their places of prayer on earth and the route by which their deeds ascend the heaven; nor were they reprieved, [nor] were they deferred [until they were able] to make repentance.

Verse 30

And verily We delivered the Children of Israel from the humiliating chastisement, of having their children slain and their womenfolk taken as servants,

Verse 31

from Pharaoh (min Fir‘awna, is said to be a substitution for al-‘adhābi, on the basis of an implied annexation, that is to say, [min] ‘adhābi [Fir‘awna]; or it is said to be a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-‘adhāb, ‘the chastisement’). Truly he was a tyrant of the wanton ones.

Verse 32

And verily We chose them, that is, the Children of Israel, with a knowledge, that We had of their state, over [all] the worlds, that is, the worlds of their time, [those of] the rational beings.

Verse 33

And We gave them signs in which there was a manifest trial, an obvious grace, such as the parting of the sea, [the sending down of] manna and quails and other such [signs].

Verse 34

Indeed these ones, that is, the Meccan disbelievers, say,

Verse 35

‘It, that death after which there is life, is nothing more than our first death, that is, when they were sperm-drops, and we shall not be resurrected, [we shall not be] raised alive after the second one.

Verse 36

Bring us then our fathers, alive, if you are being truthful’, about our being resurrected after we have died, that is to say, that we will be given life [again].

Verse 37

God, exalted be He, says: Are they better, or the people of Tubba‘ — [he was] a prophet or a righteous man — and those, communities, before them? We destroyed, because of their disbelief. In other words: they are not mightier than those, and yet they were destroyed; indeed they were criminals.

Verse 38

And We did not create the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, [intending] to play, by creating all that (lā‘ibīna, ‘to play’, is a circumstantial qualifier).

Verse 39

We did not create them, and all that is between them, except with the truth, that is to say, [We created them] rightfully so that one might infer thereby Our power and Our Oneness and other matters; but most of them, that is, the Meccan disbelievers, do not know.

Verse 40

Assuredly the Day of Decision, the Day of Resurrection, in which God will decide between servants, will be the tryst for all of them, for everlasting chastisement;

Verse 41

the day when a friend will not avail a friend, on account of kinship or friendship, that is to say, [the day when] he will not [be able to] ward off from the other, anything, of the chastisement, nor will they be helped — [nor will they] be protected from it (yawma, ‘the day’, is a substitution for yawma’l-fasl, ‘the Day of Decision’),

Verse 42

except for him on whom God has mercy — and these are the believers, for they will intercede for one another with God’s permission. He is indeed the Mighty, the Victor in His retribution of the disbelievers, the Merciful, to believers.

Verse 43

Lo! the tree of Zaqqūm, one of the vilest of the bitter trees of the Tihāma region: God, exalted be He, will make it grow forth in the Hell-fire,

Verse 44

will be the food of the sinful, Abū Jahl and his companions, the gravest of sinners.

Verse 45

Like molten copper, that is to say, like the dregs of black oil (ka’l-muhli, is the second predicate) it will boil inside the bellies ([if] read taghlī, then it is a third predicate; [if] yaghlī, then it is a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-muhl, ‘molten copper’),

Verse 46

as the boiling of boiling water, [hamīm means] water of the most extreme temperature.

Verse 47

‘Seize him, it will be said to the Zabāniya [the Guards of Hell], ‘seize the sinner’, and drag him (read fa‘tilūhu or fa‘tulūhu), haul him away violently and brutally, to the midst of Hell-fire, [al-jahīm means] the centre of the Fire.

Verse 48

Then pour over his head the torture of boiling water!’, that is to say, the boiling water which is ever-torturous (this [use of ‘the torture of boiling water’] is rhetorically more intense than what is stated by the verse: boiling water will be poured over their heads [Q. 22:19]).

Verse 49

And it will be said to him: ‘Taste!, that is, [taste] the chastisement. Indeed you are the mighty, the noble one!, as you claimed when you used to say, ‘There is nothing between its two mountains [sc. Mecca] that is mightier or nobler than me!’

Verse 50

And it will be said to them: This, that you see of the chastisement, is indeed that which you used to doubt’, about which you used to be uncertain.

Verse 51

Assuredly the God-fearing will be in a secure place, a seat in which there will be security from [all] fear,

Verse 52

amid gardens, orchards, and springs,

Verse 53

dressed in fine silk and [heavy] silk brocade, that is to say, in fine and thick silks (sundusin wa’stabraqin, respectively), sitting face to face (mutaqābilīna is a circumstantial qualifier), that is to say, they do not look upon each other backs, since the couches revolve with them in them.

Verse 54

So [shall it be] (an implied al-amru, ‘the matter’, should be read as preceding this); and We shall pair them, either in conjugality or [meaning] We shall join them, with houris of beautiful eyes, women of the fairest complexion with wide and beautiful eyes.

Verse 55

They will call, they will request from servants, therein, that is, in Paradise, to bring, every fruit, thereof, [remaining] secure, [in their knowledge] that it will not come to an end or cause harm and [secure] from all danger (āminīna, ‘secure’, is a circumstantial qualifier’).

Verse 56

They will not taste death therein, other than the first death, namely, the one [that came] in this world after they had lived in it (some [scholars] think that illā, ‘other than’, here means ba‘da, ‘after’). And He will shield them from the chastisement of Hell-fire —

Verse 57

a bounty from your Lord (fadlan is a verbal noun, with the sense of tafaddulan, and is in the accusative [dependent status] because of an implied [preceding] tafaddala). That is the supreme triumph.

Verse 58

For We have made it easy, We have facilitated the Qur’ān, in your tongue, in your language, so that the Arabs may understand it from you, that perhaps they may remember, [that perhaps] they may be admonished and become believers — but they do not believe.

Verse 59

So be on the look out, await their destruction. Indeed they [too] are on the look out, for your death — this was before the revelation of the command to struggle against them.
Surah AD-DUKHAN English audio · 59 verses